Nitration reactions

Last updated: 20/02/2020

OCR-A A-Level Chemistry Aromatic compounds Nitration reactions

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Question 1 of 18

1. Question
What is a halogen carrier?
- Generated positive ions
- Generates negative ions
- Destroys positive ions
- Destroys negative ions
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Question 2 of 18

2. Question
Which of the following is an example of a halogen carrier?
- $FeCl_3$
- $HNO_2$
- $Br_2$
- $NO_2$
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Question 3 of 18

3. Question
Which of the following is an example of a halogen carrier?
- $Fe$
- $HCl$
- $H_2O$
- $H_2SO_4$
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Question 4 of 18

4. Question
What is the definition of electrophilic substitution?
- A substitution reaction where an electrophile is attracted to an electron-repelled part of a molecule
- A substitution reaction where a nucleophile is attracted to an electron-repelled part of a molecule
- A substitution reaction where a nucleophile is attracted to an electron-rich part of a molecule
- A substitution reaction where an electrophile is attracted to an electron-rich part of a molecule
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Question 5 of 18

5. Question
- X should be negative
- The sign in the benzene rind intermediate should be negative
- The arrow should go from X to the delocalised electron ring
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Question 6 of 18

6. Question
Which of the following is a correct drawing of an unstable intermediate?
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Question 7 of 18

7. Question
Which of the following shows the correct movement of electrons for the intermediate within an electrophilic substitution reaction?
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Question 8 of 18

8. Question
Within the mechanism for the electrophilic substitution of benzene, what ion is generated?
- $H^+$
- $NH_4^+$
- $SO_4^2-$
- $CH^-$
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Question 9 of 18

9. Question
What is a nitro group?
- -NO $_2$
- -N
- -NO $_3$
- -NO
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Question 10 of 18

10. Question
What happens during the nitration of benzene?
- A hydrogen atom is exchanged for a nitro group
- A nitrogen atom is added to benzene
- A nitro group is added to benzene
- A carbon atom is exchanged for a nitro group
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Question 11 of 18

11. Question
What type of reaction is the nitration of benzene?
- Electrophilic substitution
- Nucleophilic addition
- Nucleophilic substitution
- Electrophilic addition
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Question 12 of 18

12. Question
Which catalyst is used during the nitration of benzene?
- Concentrated sulfuric acid
- Concentrated nitric acid
- Concentrated hydrochloric acid
- Concentrated phosphoric acid
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Question 13 of 18

13. Question
During the nitration of benzene, what temperature is the reaction kept at?
- 50 °C
- 30 °C
- 300 °C
- 25 °C
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Question 14 of 18

14. Question
What happens to the catalyst during the nitration of benzene?
- It get s regenerated
- It gets destroyed
- It will form different products
- It will stay unchanged
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Question 15 of 18

15. Question
Which reagent is used during the nitration of benzene?
- Concentrated nitric acid
- Nitric acid
- Nitrogen
- Aqueous nitric acid
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Question 16 of 18

16. Question
What piece of equipment is the concentrated nitric acid and concentrated sulfuric acid mixed with during the nitration of benzene?
- A flask
- A pipette
- A measuring cylinder
- A beaker
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Question 17 of 18

17. Question
What type of system is set up when benzene is added to the concentrated nitric acid and concentrated sulfuric acid during the nitration of benzene?
- Reflux system
- Distillation system
- Heating under reduced pressure
- Recrystallisation
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Question 18 of 18

18. Question
Write the balanced equation for the nitration of benzene.
- $C_6H_6 + HNO_3 - > C_6H_5NO_2 + H_2O$
- $C_6H_6 + NO_2 - >C_6H_5NO_2 + H_2O$
- $C_6H_6 + 2HNO_3- >C_6H_5NO_2 + H_2O$
- $C_6H_6 + HNO_3 - >C_6H_5NO_2$
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